Egyptian Ideas of the Future Life

Footnote 1: There is no e in Egyptian, and this vowel is added merely to make the word pronounceable.

Footnote 2: The letterr has dropped out in Coptic through phonetic decay.

Footnote 3: Religion und Mythologie, p. 93.

Footnote 4: La Mythologie Egyptienne, p. 215.

Footnote 5: Ed Maspero, Pyramides de Saqqarah; p. 25.

Footnote 6: Ibid., p. 113.

Footnote 7: Ed. Maspero, Pyramides da Saqqarah, p. 111.

Footnote 8: The morning boat of the sun.

Footnote 9: The evening boat of the sun.

Footnote 10: Ibid., p.150.

Footnote 11: Ibid., p. 222.

Footnote 12: The text was published by Prisse d'Avennes, entitled Facsimile d'un papyrus Égyptien en caractères hieratiques, Paris, 1847. For a translation of the whole work, see Virey, Études sur le Papyrus Prisse, Paris, 1887.

Footnote 13: They are given with interlinear transliteration and translation in my Papyrus of Ani, p.lxxxv. ff., where references to the older literature on the subject will be found.

Footnote 14: Geschiedenis van den Godedienst in de Oudheid, Amsterdam, 1893, p. 25.A number of valuable remarks on this subject are given by Lieblein in Egyptian Religion, p. 10.

Footnote 15: Le Livre dei Moris (Review in Muséon, Tom. xiii. 1893).

"At first he (i.e., Sin) got to Egypt, and did sow Gardens of gods, which every year did grow Fresh and fine deities. They were at great cost, Who for a god clearly a sallet lost. Ah, what a thing is man devoid of grace, Adoring garlic with an humble face, Begging his food of that which he may eat, Starving the while he worshippeth his meat! Who makes a root his god, how low is he, If God and man be severed infinitely! What wretchedness can give him any room, Whose house is foul, while he adores his broom?"

Footnote 17: The whole hymn has been published by Maspero in Hymns au Nil, Paris, 1868.

Footnote 18: Religion and Mythologie, pp. 96-99.

Footnote 19: See Brugsch, Religion, p.101.

Footnote 20: No. 10,188. See my transcript and translation of the whole papyrus in Archaeologia vol. 52, London, 1801.

Footnote 21: About B.C. 300.

Footnote 22: Ed. Maspero, line 570.

Footnote 23: See The Chapters of Coming Forth by Day, p. 3.

Footnote 24: i.e., Maāt, the goddess of law, order, regularity, and the like, maketh the sun to rise each day in his appointed place and at his appointed time with absolute and unfailing regularity.

Footnote 25: i.e., the soul referred to above in the account of the creation; see p. 24.

Footnote 26: i.e., Rā of Heliopolis.

Footnote 27: From the Papyrus of Hunefer (Brit. Mus. No. 9901).

Footnote 28: A name of the Serpent of darkness which Rā slew daily.

Footnote 29: The boat in which Rā sailed from noon to sunset.

Footnote 30: i.e., whatsoever Rā commandeth taketh place straightway; see the Chapter on the Judgment of the Dead, p. 110.

Footnote 31: On the god Amen, see the chapter, "The Gods of the Egyptians."

Footnote 32: i.e., "thy existence, and thy risings and settings are ordered and defined by fixed, unchanging, and unalterable law."

Footnote 33: Plate 20.

Footnote 34: i.e., unchanging and unalterable law.

Footnote 35: i.e., the east and west coasts of the Red Sea, and the north-east coast of Africa.

Footnote 36: I am doubtful about the meaning of this passage.

Footnote 37: i.e., "because when thou settest thou dost not die."

Footnote 38: The Sun's evening and morning boats respectively.

Footnote 39: From the Papyrus of Nekht (Brit. Mus. No. 10,471).