Roman Stoicism being lectures on the history of the Stoic...

[120] See above, § 443.

[121] See above, §§ 428, 429.

[122] Renan, Marc-Aurèle, pp. 22, 23; cf. Maine, Ancient Law, pp. 55, 56.

[123] Renan, Marc-Aurèle, p. 30.

[124] Aulus Gellius N. A. i 2, 3 to 5.

[125] ‘nam de illis nemo dubitabit, quin operose nihil agant, qui litterarum inutilium studiis detinentur, quae iam apud Romanos quoque magna manus est ... ecce Romanos quoque invasit inane studium supervacua discendi,’ etc. Sen. Dial. x 13, 1 and 3. The condemnation extends to the whole study of history, N. Q. iii Pr.

[126] ‘In the purely moral sphere to which philosophy was now confined, the natural tendency of the different schools, not even excluding the Epicurean, was to assimilation and eclecticism’ Dill, Roman Society, p. 343.

[127] Rendall, M. Aurelius to himself, Introd. pp. cxxvii, cxxviii.

[128] The connexion (if any) of Gallio the proconsul of Achaia (Acts xviii 12) with the Junius Gallio who adopted Seneca’s elder brother is uncertain.

[129] Renan, Marc-Aurèle, p. 55, note 2.

[130] M. Aurel. To himself xi 3.

[131] Renan, M.-A. p. 329.

[132] ‘quia ratione congredi non queunt, violentia premunt; incognita causa tanquam nocentissimos damnant’ Lact. Inst. Epit. 47 (52), 4.

[133] ‘vidi ego in Bithynia praesidem gaudio mirabiliter elatum tanquam barbarorum gentem aliquam subegisset, quod unus qui per biennium magna virtute restiterat, postremo cedere visus esset’ Div. inst. v 11, 15.

[134] ‘nam cum videat vulgus dilacerari homines et invictam tenere patientiam, existimant nec perseverantiam morientium vanam esse nec ipsam patientiam sine deo cruciatus tantos posse superare ... dicit Horatius: “iustum ac tenacem ...” quo nihil verius dici potest, si ad eos referatur qui nullos cruciatus nullam mortem recusant’ ib. 13, 11 to 17.