FOOTNOTES:
Project Gutenberg EPUB3 edition
Jastrow, Morris
Source notes
[1311]Vorgeschichte der Indo-Europaer, pp. 126-141.
[1312] Gen. xi. 4.
[1313]E.g., Tiglathpileser I., col. vii. ll. 102, 103; Meissner, Altbabylonisches Privatrecht, no. 46; Nebopolassar Cylinder (Hilprecht, Old Babylonian Inscriptions, i. 1, pls. 32, 33), col. i. l. 38. Or 'as high as mountains'; e.g., Nebuchadnezzar II., IR. 58, col. viii. ll. 61-63; and so frequently the Neo-Babylonian kings.
[1314]Kosmologie, pp. 185-195.
[1315] Or Kharsag-gal-kurkura; see p. 558.
[1316] See p. 458.
[1317]Ekurrâti; Delitzsch, Assyr. Handwörterbuch, p. 718b.
[1318] IR. 35, no. 3, 22.
[1319] See below.
[1320] Hebrew Bamôth. Through the opposition of the Hebrew prophets, the term acquires distasteful associations that were originally foreign to it.
[1321] See Peters' Nippur, ii. 124 seq.
[1322] IIR. 50, obverse.
[1323] Perhaps, however, these several names all designate a single zikkurat.
[1324] Peters' Nippur, i. 246; ii. 120.
[1325] For the meaning of this phrase, see Winckler's Altorientalische Forschungen, iii. 208-222, and Jensen's Kosmologie, p. 167.
[1326] From Heuzey's note in De Sarzec, Décourveries en Chaldée, p. 31, it would appear that at Lagash there was a zikkurat of modest proportions, but Dr. Peters informs me that from his observations at Telloh, he questions whether the building in question represents a zikkurat at all, though, as we know from other sources, a zikkurat existed there in the days of Gudea.
[1327]Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, xviii.
[1328] Of Sargon's zikkurat at Khorsabad, also, only four stories have been found. Perrot and Chiplez (History of Art in Chaldaea and Assyria, i. 388) suppose that there may have been seven.
[1329]E.g. Perrot and Chiplez, ib. p. 128. Hommel, Geschichte Babyloniens und Assyriens, p. 19.
[1330] Peters (Nippur, i. 214) found many yellow-colored bricks at Borsippa.
[1331] Book I, § 98.
[1332] See a paper by E. W. Hopkins on The Holy Numbers of the Rig-Veda (Oriental Studies, Boston, 1894, pp. 141-147).
[1333] Written ideographically, as the names of the zikkurats and of all sacred edifices invariably are.
[1334] See above, p. 459.
[1335] Inscription G, col. i. l. 14; D, col. ii. l. 11.
[1336] IIR. 50; obverse 20. See p. 472.
[1337]Kosmologie, pp. 171-174.
[1338] The suggestion is worthy of consideration whether the name 'seven directions of heaven and earth' may not also point to a conception of seven zones dividing the heavens as well as the earth. One is reminded of the 'seven' heavens of Arabic theology.
[1339] So e.g., Kaulen, Assyrien und Babylonien (3d edition), p. 58; Vigouroux, La Bible et les Découvertes Modernes (4th edition), i. 358.
[1340] Lit., 'house to be seen,' Igi-e-nir. See, e.g., VR. 29, no. 4, 40, and Delitzsch, Assyr. Handwörterbuch, p. 262.
[1341] So at Babylon, at least, according to Herodotus. Traces of such a room were also found in connection with the zikkurat at Nippur (Peters, Nippur, ii. 122.)
[1342]Bit pirishti. IIR. 50, obverse, 6. Another name (or perhaps the name of a second zikkurat at Nippur; see p. 616, note 2) is Im-kharsag, i.e., 'mountain of awe.' Peters' rendering (Nippur, ii. 122) of the names is inaccurate.
[1343] Peters' Nippur, ii. chapter vi.
[1344] Schick, Die Stiftschütte, der Tempel, und der Tempelplatz der Jetztzeit, pp. 8, 9.
[1345] Snouck-Hurgronje Mekka (Atlas, pl. 1). The present structure, though comparatively modern, is built after ancient models.
[1346] Schick, ib. pp. 125-131.
[1347]Die Stiftshütte, der Tempel, und der Tempelplatz der Jeiztzeit, p. 82.
[1348] On the significance of the gate in sacred edifices, see Trumbull, The Threshold Covenant, pp. 102-108.
[1349] Dr. Peters is of the opinion that at the entrance to the temple area proper at Nippur there also stood two large columns.
[1350]Découvertes en Chaldée, pp. 62-64. Heuzey, in a valuable note, already suggests the comparison with the two columns of Solomon's which is here maintained on the basis of the excavations at Nippur.