THE SPREAD OF ISLAM AMONG THE CHRISTIAN NATIONS OF AFRICA.
Project Gutenberg EPUB3 edition
Arnold, Thomas Walker, Sir
Source notes
29 Renaudot, p. 575. ↑
30 Relation du voyage du Sayd ou de la Thebayde fait en 1668, par les PP. Protais et Charles-François d’Orleans, Capuchins Missionaires, p. 3. (Thevenot, vol. ii.) ↑
31 Caetani, vol. iv. p. 520. ↑
32 Ishok of Romgla, pp. 272–3. ↑
33 Idrīsī, p. 32. ↑
34 Maqrīzī (2), tome i. 2me partie, p. 131. ↑
35 Maqrīzī, pp. 128–30. ↑
36 Burckhardt (1), p. 494. ↑
37 About twelve miles above the modern Khartum. ↑
38 Artin, pp. 62, 144. ↑
39 Becker, Geschichte des östlichen Sūdān, p. 160. ↑
40 Vol. iv. p. 396. ↑
41 Slatin Pasha records a tradition current among the Danagla Arabs that this town was founded by their ancestor, Dangal, who called it after his own name. (This however is impossible, inasmuch as Dongola was in existence in ancient Egyptian times, and is mentioned on the monuments. See Vivien de Saint-Martin, vol. ii. p. 85.) According to their tradition, this Dangal, though a slave, rose to be ruler of Nubia, but paid tribute to Bahnesa, the Coptic bishop of the entire district lying between the present Sarras and Debba. (Fire and Sword in the Sudan, p. 13.) (London, 1896.) ↑
42 Ibn Salīm al-Aswānī, quoted by Maqrīzī: Kitāb al-K͟hiṭaṭ, vol. i. p. 190. (Cairo, A.H. 1270.) ↑
43 Budge, vol. ii. p. 199. Artin, p. 144. ↑
44 Maqrīzī: Kitāb al-K͟hiṭaṭ, vol. i. p. 193. ↑
45 Morié, vol. i. pp. 417–18. ↑
46 Lord Stanley of Alderley in his translation of Alvarez’ Narrative from the original Portuguese, gives the answer of the king as follows: “He said to them that he had his Abima from the country of the Moors, that is to say from the Patriarch of Alexandria; … how then could he give priests and friars since another gave them” (p. 352). (London, 1881.) ↑
47 Viaggio nella Ethiopia al Prete Ianni fatto par Don Francesco Alvarez Portughese (1520–1527). (Ramusio, tom. i. pp. 200, 250.) ↑
48 Wansleben, p. 30. For descriptions of the ruins that still remain, see Budge, vol. ii. p. 299 sqq., and G. S. Nileham, Churches in Lower Nubia. (Philadelphia, 1910.) ↑
49 Burckhardt (1), p. 133. ↑
50 Alvarez, p. 250. ↑
51 Idrīsī, p. 32. ↑
52 ʻArabfaqīh, p. 323. ↑
53 Maqrīzī (2), tome ii. 2me partie, p. 183. ↑
54 Basset, p. 240. ↑
55 Id., p. 247. ↑
56 Alvarez. (Ramusio, tom. i. pp. 218, 242, 249.) ↑
57 ʻArabfaqīh, pp. 83, 191. ↑
58 ʻArabfaqīh, p. 275–6. ↑
59 Id. pp. 319, 324. ↑
60 Id. pp. 28, 129, 275. ↑
61 Plowden, p. 36. ↑
62 ʻArabfaqīh, pp. 321, 335, 343. ↑
63 Id. passim. ↑
64 Id. pp. 175, 195, 248. ↑
65 Id. p. 178. ↑
66 ʻArabfaqīh, pp. 34–5, 120–1, 182–3, 244, 327. ↑
67 ʻArabfaqīh, pp. 181–2, 186. ↑
68Iobi Ludolfi ad suam Historiam Æthiopicam Commentarius, p. 474. (Frankfurt a. M., 1691.) ↑