FOOTNOTES:
Project Gutenberg EPUB3 edition
Darwin, Charles
1208 (return) [ See, on this subject, Gratiolet, ibid. p. 254.]
1209 (return) [ Lieber, ‘On the Vocal Sounds of Laura Bridgman,’ Smithsonian Contributions, 1851, vol. ii. p. 7.]
1210 (return) [ ‘Wenderholme,’ vol. ii. p. 91.]
1211 (return) [ Lieber, ‘On the Vocal Sounds,’ &c., ibid. p. 7.]
1212 (return) [ Huschke, ‘Mimices et Physiognomices,’ 1821, p. 18. Gratiolet (De la Phys. p. 255) gives a figure of a man in this attitude, which, however, seems to me expressive of fear combined with astonishment. Le Brun also refers (Lavater, vol. ix. p. 299) to the hands of an astonished man being opened.]
1213 (return) [ Huschke, ibid. p. 18.]
1214 (return) [ ‘North American Indians,’ 3rd edit. 1842, vol. i. p. 105.]
1215 (return) [ H. Wedgwood, Dict. of English Etymology, vol. ii. 1862, p. 35. See, also, Gratiolet (‘De la Physionomie,’ p. 135) on the sources of such words as ‘terror, horror, rigidus, frigidus,’ &c.]
1216 (return) [ Mr. Bain (‘The Emotions and the Will,’ 1865, p. 54) explains in the following manner the origin of the custom “of subjecting criminals in India to the ordeal of the morsel of rice. The accused is made to take a mouthful of rice, and after a little time to throw it out. If the morsel is quite dry, the party is believed to be guilty,—his own evil conscience operating to paralyse the salivating organs.”]
1217 (return) [ Sir C. Bell, Transactions of Royal Phil. Soc. 1822, p. 308. ‘Anatomy of Expression,’ p. 88 and pp. 164-469.]
1218 (return) [ See Moreau on the rolling of the eyes, in the edit. of 1820 of Lavater, tome iv. p. 263. Also, Gratiolet, De la Phys. p. 17.]
1219 (return) [ ‘Observations on Italy,’ 1825, p. 48, as quoted in ‘The Anatomy of Expression,’ p. 168.]
1220 (return) [ Quoted by Dr. Maudsley, ‘Body and Mind,’ 1870, p. 41.]
1221 (return) [ ‘Anatomy of Expression,’ p. 168.]
1222 (return) [ Mécanisme de la Phys. Humaine, Album, Légende xi.]
1223 (return) [ Ducheinne takes, in fact, this view (ibid. p. 45), as he attributes the contraction of the platysma to the shivering of fear (frisson de la peur); but he elsewhere compares the action with that which causes the hair of frightened quadrupeds to stand erect; and this can hardly be considered as quite correct.]
1224 (return) [ ‘De la Physionomie,’ pp. 51, 256, 346.]
1225 (return) [ As quoted in White’s ‘Gradation in Man,’ p. 57.]
1226 (return) [ ‘Anatomy of Expression,’ p. 169.]
1227 (return) [ ‘Mécanisme de la Physionomie,’ Album, pl. 65, pp. 44, 45.]
1228 (return) [ See remarks to this effect by Mr. Wedgwood, in the Introduction to his ‘Dictionary of English Etymology,’ 2nd edit. 1872, p. xxxvii. He shows by intermediate forms that the sounds here referred to have probably given rise to many words, such as ugly, huge, &c.]
1301 (return) [ ‘The Physiology or Mechanism of Blushing,’ 1839, p. 156. I shall have occasion often to quote this work in the present chapter.]
1302 (return) [ Dr. Burgess, ibid. p. 56. At p. 33 he also remarks on women blushing more freely than men, as stated below.]
1303 (return) [ Quoted by Vogt, ‘Mémoire sur les Microcéphales,’ 1867, p. 20. Dr. Burgess (ibid. p. 56) doubts whether idiots ever blush.]
1304 (return) [ Lieber ‘On the Vocal Sounds,’ &c.; Smithsonian Contributions, 1851, vol. ii. p. 6.]
1305 (return) [ Ibid. p. 182.]
1306 (return) [ Moreau, in edit. of 1820 of Lavater, vol. iv. p. 303.]
1307 (return) [ Burgess. ibid. p. 38, on paleness after blushing, p. 177.]
1308 (return) [ See Lavater, edit. of 1820, vol. iv. p. 303.]
1309 (return) [ Burgess, ibid. pp. 114, 122. Moreau in Lavater, ibid. vol. iv. p. 293.]
1310 (return) [ ‘Letters from Egypt,’ 1865, p. 66. Lady Gordon is mistaken when she says Malays and Mulattoes never blush.]
1311 (return) [ Capt. Osborn (‘Quedah,’ p. 199), in speaking of a Malay, whom he reproached for cruelty, says he was glad to see that the man blushed.]
1312 (return) [ J. R. Forster, ‘Observations during a Voyage round the World,’ 4to, 1778, p. 229. Waitz gives (‘Introduction to Anthropology,’ Eng. translat. 1863, vol. i. p. 135) references for other islands in the Pacific. See, also, Dampier ‘On the Blushing of the Tunquinese’ (vol. ii. p. 40); but I have not consulted this work. Waitz quotes Bergmann, that the Kalmucks do not blush, but this may be doubted after what we have seen with respect to the Chinese. He also quotes Roth, who denies that the Abyssinians are capable of blushing. Unfortunately, Capt. Speedy, who lived so long with the Abyssinians, has not answered my inquiry on this head. Lastly, I must add that the Rajah Brooke has never observed the least sign of a blush with the Dyaks of Borneo; on the contrary under circumstances which would excite a blush in us, they assert “that they feel the blood drawn from their faces.”]
1313 (return) [ Transact. of the Ethnological Soc. 1870, vol. ii. p. 16.]
1314 (return) [ Humboldt, ‘Personal Narrative,’ Eng. translat. vol. iii. p. 229.]
1315 (return) [ Quoted by Prichard, Phys. Hist. of Mankind, 4th edit 1851, vol. i. p. 271.]
1316 (return) [ See, on this head, Burgess, ibid. p. 32. Also Waitz, ‘Introduction to Anthropology,’ Eng. edit. vol. i. p. 139. Moreau gives a detailed account (‘Lavater,’ 1820, tom. iv. p. 302) of the blushing of a Madagascar negress-slave when forced by her brutal master to exhibit her naked bosom.]
1317 (return) [ Quoted by Prichard, Phys. Hist. of Mankind, 4th edit. 1851, vol. i. p. 225.]
1318 (return) [ Burgess, ibid. p. 31. On mulattoes blushing, see p. 33. I have received similar accounts with respect to, mulattoes.]
1319 (return) [ Barrington also says that the Australians of New South Wales blush, as quoted by Waitz, ibid. p. 135.]