Section 8.—The Oriental Civilizations (continued 1)
Project Gutenberg EPUB3 edition
Robertson, J. M. (John Mackinnon)
Source notes
41 Dr. Christopher Wordsworth, Diary in France, 1845, pp. 75–77. ↑
42 “The miserable and deistical principle of the equality of all religions” (id. p. 188). Cp. pp. 151, 153. ↑
43Id. pp. 15, 37, 45, 181, 185, 190. ↑
44Id. pp. 157–61. As to the general vogue of rationalism in France at that period, see pp. 35, 204: and compare Saisset, Essais sur la philosophie et la religion, 1845; The Progress of Religious Thought as illustrated in the Protestant Church of France, by Dr. J. R. Beard, 1861; and Wilson’s article in Essays and Reviews. As to Switzerland and Holland, see Pearson, Infidelity, its Aspects, etc., 1853, pp. 560–64, 575–84. ↑
45 Louis Philippe sought to suppress this book, of which many editions had appeared before 1830. See Blanco White’s Life, 1845, ii. 168. ↑
46 Prof. E. Lavisse, Un Ministre: Victor Duruy, 1895 (rep. of art. in Revue de Paris, Janv. 15 and Mars 1, 1895), p. 117. ↑
47Id. pp. 99–105. ↑
48Id. pp. 107–118. ↑
49Id. pp. 118–27. ↑
50 Llorente, Hist. crit. de l’Inquisition de l’Espagne, 2e édit, iv, 153. ↑
51Rapport of Ch. Fulpius in the Almanach de Libre Pensée, 1906. ↑
52 Squier, Notes on Central America, 1856, p. 227. ↑
53 Before 1840 the popular freethought propaganda had been partly carried on under cover of Radicalism, as in Carlile’s Republican, and Lion, and in various publications of William Hone. Cp. H. B. Wilson’s article “The National Church,” in Essays and Reviews, 9th ed. p. 152. ↑
54 Described as “our chief atheistic organ” by the late F. W. Newman “because Dr. James Martineau declined to continue writing for it, because it interpolated atheistical articles between his theistic articles” (Contributions ... to the early history of the late Cardinal Newman, 1891, p. 103). The review was for a time edited by J. S. Mill, and for long after him by Dr. John Chapman. It lasted into the twentieth century, under the editorship of Dr. Chapman’s widow, and kept a free platform to the end. ↑
55 Pastor W. Baur, Hamburg, Religious Life in Germany during the Wars of Independence, Eng. tr. 1872, p. 41. H. J. Rose and Pusey, in their controversy as to the causes of German rationalism, were substantially at one on this point of fact. Rose, Letter to the Bishop of London, 1829, pp. 19, 150, 161. ↑
56Id. p. 481. ↑
57Ueber die Religion: Reden an die gebildeten unter ihren Verächtern. These are discussed hereinafter. ↑
58 Lichtenberger, Hist. of Ger. Theol. in the Nineteenth Cent. Eng. tr. 1889, pp. 122–23. ↑
59 See the same volume, passim. ↑
60 Karl von Raumer, Contrib. to the Hist. of the German Universities, Eng. tr. 1859, p. 79. The intellectual tone of W. Baur and K. von Raumer certainly protects them from any charge of “enlightenment.” ↑
61 Laing, Notes of a Traveller, 1842, p. 181. ↑
62 C. H. Cotterill, Relig. Movements of Germany in the Nineteenth Century, 1849, pp. 39–40. ↑
63Id. pp. 27–28, 41–42. ↑
64 Cp. Laing, as cited, pp. 206–207, 211. ↑
65 Cotterill, as cited, p. 84. ↑
66 Cotterill. as cited, pp. 43–47. ↑
67 Rapport de Ida Altmann, in Almanach de Libre Pensée, 1906, p. 20. ↑
68 The principal have been: Das freie Wort and Frankfurter Zeitung, Frankfort-on-Main; Der Freidenker, Friedrichshagen, near Berlin; Das freireligiöse Sonntagsblatt, Breslau; Die freie Gemeinde, Magdeburg; Der Atheist, Nuremberg; Menschentum, Gotha; Vossische Zeitung, Berlin; Berliner Volkszeitung, Berlin; Vorwärts (Socialist), Berlin; Weser Zeitung, Bremen; Hartungsche Zeitung, Königsberg; Kölnische Zeitung, Cologne. ↑
69 Studemund, Der moderne Unglaube in den unteren Ständen, 1901, p. 14. ↑
70Id. p. 22. ↑
71 A. D. McLaren, An Australian in Germany, 1911, pp. 181, 184. ↑
72 Studemund, Der moderne Unglaube in den unteren Ständen, 1901, pp. 17, 21. ↑
73Glossen zu Yves Guyot’s und Sigismund Lacroix’s “Die wahre Gestalt des Christentums.” ↑
74 Studemund, p. 22. ↑
75Id. p. 23. ↑
76Id. p. 27. ↑
77Id. pp. 37–38. ↑
78Id. pp. 40–42. Cp. p. 43. Pastor Studemund cites other inquirers, notably Rade, Gebhardt, Lorenz, and Dietzgen, all to the same effect. ↑
79E.g. Pastor A. Kalthoff’s Was wissen wir von Jesus? 1901. Since that date the opinion has found new and powerful supporters in Germany. ↑
80 “The people in the country do not read; in the towns they read little. The journals are little circulated. In Russia one never sees a cabman, an artisan, a labourer reading a newspaper” (Ivan Strannik, La pensée russe contemporaine, 1903, p. 5). ↑