The Life of Jesus Critically Examined (4th ed.)

1 The Evang. Nicodemi makes the Jews very absurdly maintain: there happened an eclipse of the sun in the ordinary course ἔκλειψις ἡλίου γέγονε κατὰ τὸ εἰωθός, c. xi. p. 592, ap. Thilo. ↑

2 Thus Paulus and Kuinöl, in loc.; Hase, L. J. § 143; Neander, L. J. Chr. s. 639 f. ↑

3 Comp. Fritzsche and De Wette, in loc. Matth. ↑

4 Tertull. Apologet. c. xxi.; Orig. c. Cels. ii. 33, 59. ↑

5 Euseb. can. chron. ad. Ol. 202, Anm. 4; comp. Paulus, s. 765 ff. ↑

6 Serv. ad Virgil. Georg. i. 465 ff.: Constat, occiso Cæsare in Senatu pridie Idus Martias, solis fuisse defectum ab hora sexta usque ad noctem. ↑

7 Echa R. iii. 28. ↑

8 R. Bechai Cod. Hakkema: Cum insignis Rabbinus fato concederet, dixit quidam: iste dies gravis est Israëli, ut cum sol occidit ipso meridie. ↑

9 Succa, f. xxix. 1: Dixerunt doctores: quatuor de causis sol deficit: prima, ob patrem domus judicii mortuum, cui exequiæ non fiunt ut decet, etc. ↑

10 Vid. Fritzsche, in loc.; comp. also De Wette, exeg. Handb. 1, 1, s. 238; Theile, zur Biogr. Jesu, § 36. ↑

11 Hieron. ad Hedib. ep. cxlix. 8 (comp. his Comm. in loc.): In evangelio autem, quod hebraicis literis scriptum est, legimus, non velum templi scissum, sed superliminare templi miræ magnitudinis corruisse. ↑

12 The possibility of this is admitted by Neander also, but with the presupposition of some fact as a groundwork (s. 640 f.). ↑

13 Ueber den Lukas, s. 293. Comp. De Wette, exeg. Handb., 1, 1, s. 240. ↑

14 Georg. i. 463 ff. ↑

15 When Hase, § 143, writes: “The earth trembled, mourning for her greatest Son,” we see how the historian in speaking of this feature, which he maintains to be historical, involuntarily becomes a poet; and when in the second edition the author qualifies the phrase by the addition of an “as it were:” it is further evident that his historical conscience had not failed to reproach him for the license. ↑

16 Only such must be here thought of, and not sectatores Christi, as Kuinöl maintains. In the Evang. Nicodemi, c. xvii., there are indeed adherents of Jesus, namely, Simeon (Luke ii.) and his two sons, among those who come to life on this occasion; but the majority in this apocryphal book also, and as well in the ἀναφορὰ Πιλάτου (Thilo, p. 810), according to Epiphanius, orat. in sepulchrum Chr. 275, Ignat. ad Magnes. IX. and others (comp. Thilo, p. 780 ff.), are Old Testament persons, as Adam and Eve, the patriarchs and prophets. ↑

17 Comp. the various opinions in Thilo, p. 783 f. ↑

18 Comp. especially Eichhorn, Einl. in d. N. T. 1, s. 446 ff. ↑

19 Stroth, von Interpolationen im Evang. Matth. In Eichhorn’s Repertorium, 9, s. 139. It is hardly a preferable expedient to regard the passage as an addition of the Greek translator. See Kern, Ueber den Urspr. des Evang. Matth. s. 25 and 100. ↑

20 Thus Paulus and Kuinöl, in loc. The latter calls this explanation a mythical one. ↑

21 Leben Jesu, § 148. ↑

22 Ueber den Urspr. s. 67. ↑

23 Paulus, exeg. Handb., 3, b. s. 798. ↑

24 Dial. c. Tryph. cxiii. ↑

25 See the collection of passages relative to this subject in Schöttgen, 2, p. 570 ff.; and in Bertholdt’s Christologia, § 35. ↑

26 See the passages collected by Wetstein. ↑

27 See this idea further developed in the Evang. Nicod. c. xviii. ff. ↑

28 The instances are collected in Paulus, exeg. Handb., 3, b. s. 781 ff.; Winer, bibl. Realwörterb. 1, s. 672 ff.; and Hase, § 144. ↑

29 According to Tertullian by the former, according to Grotius by the latter; see Paulus, s. 784, Anm. ↑

30 Thus Gruner and others ap. Paulus, s. 782 ff.; Hase, ut sup.; Neander, L. J. Chr. s. 647. ↑

31 Orig. c. Cels. ii. 36: τῶν μὲν οὖν ἄλλων νεκρῶν σωμάτων τὸ αἷμα πήγνυται, καὶ ὕδωρ καθαρὸν οὐκ ἀποῤῥει· τοῦ δὲ κατὰ τὸν Ἰησοῦν νεκροῦ σώματος τὸ παράδοξον, καὶ περὶ τὸ νεκρὸν σῶμα ἦν αἷμα καὶ ὕδωρ ἀπὸ τῶν πλευρῶν προχυθέν. Comp. Euthymius in loc. ἐκ νεκροῦ γὰρ ἀνθρώπου, κἄν μυριάκις νύξῃ τις, οὐκ ἐξελεύσεται αἷμα. ὑπερφυὲς τοῦτο τὸ πρᾶγμα, καὶ τρανῶς διδάσκον, ὅπι ὑπὲρ ἄνθρωπον ὁ νυγείς. ↑

32 Schuster, in Eichhorn’s Bibl. 9, s. 1036 ff. ↑

33 Gruner, Comm. de morte J. Chr. vera, p. 47; Tholuck, Comm. z. Joh. s. 318. ↑

34 Comp. Hase, ut sup. ↑

35 Winer, ut sup. ↑

36 Comp. the similar statement of an anatomist in De Wette, in loc. and Tholuck ut sup. ↑

37 Wetstein and Olshausen, in loc.; comp. Hase, ut sup. ↑

38 Lücke, in loc. ↑

39 Thus Less, Auferstehungsgeschichte, s. 95 f.; Tholuck, in loc. According to Weisse (die evang. Gesch. 1, s. 102, 2, s. 237 ff.) the Evangelist referred to a passage of the apostolic epistle, under a misapprehension of its meaning, namely, to 1 John v. 6: οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἐλθὼν δὶ ὕδατος καὶ αἵματος, Ἰ. ὁ Χρ.· οὐκ ἐν τῷ ὕδατι μόνον, ἀλλ’ ἐν τῷ ὕδατι καὶ τῷ αἵματι. ↑

40 Comp. Kaiser, bibl. Theol. 1, s. 253. ↑