THE SPREAD OF ISLAM IN THE MALAY ARCHIPELAGO.
Project Gutenberg EPUB3 edition
Arnold, Thomas Walker, Sir
Source notes
31 Koloniaal Verslag van 1904, p. 80; 1905, p. 46; 1909, p. 47; 1910, p. 33; 1911, p. 29; 1912, p. 21. ↑
32 Canne, p. 510. ↑
33 Marsden, p. 301. ↑
34 Niemann, pp. 356–9. ↑
35 J. H. Moor, p. 255. ↑
36 “Depois que estes de induzidos por os Mouros Parseos, e Guzarates (que alli vieram residir por causa do commercio), de Gentios os convertêram á secta de Mahamed. Da qual conversão por alli concorrerem varias nações, começou laurar esta inferna peste pela virzinhança de Malaca.” (De Barros, Dec. ii. Liv. vi. cap. i. p. 15.) ↑
37 Aristide Marre: Malâka. Histoire des rois malays de Malâka. Traduit et extrait du Livre des Annales malayses, intitulé en arabe Selâlet al Selâtyn, p. 8. (Paris, 1874.) ↑
38 Crawfurd (1), pp. 241–2. ↑
39 De Barros, Dec. iv. Liv. ii. cap. 1. ↑
40 Barbosa, writing in 1516, speaks of the numerous Muhammadan merchants that frequented the port of Queda. (Ramusio, tom. i. p. 317.) ↑
41 The form مزلف does not actually occur in the Qurʼān; reference is probably made to some such passage as xxvi. 90: وَأزْلِفَتِ آلْجَنَّةُ اِلْمُتَّقِينَ “And paradise shall be brought near the pious.” ↑
42 A translation of the Keddah Annals, by Lieut.-Col. James Low, vol. iii. pp. 474–7. ↑
43 A translation of the Keddah Annals, by Lieut.-Col. James Low, vol. iii. p. 480. ↑
44 Newbold, vol. i. p. 252. ↑
45 McNair, pp. 226–9. ↑
46 J. H. Moor, p. 242. ↑
47 Newbold, vol. ii. pp. 106, 396. ↑
48 R. du M. M., tome ii (1907), pp. 137–8. ↑
49 Snouck Hurgronje (1), p. 9. ↑
50 Veth (3), vol. i. p. 215. Raffles (ed. of 1830), vol. ii. pp. 103, 104, 183. ↑
51 The situation of Chermen is not certain. Veth (3), vol. i. p. 230, conjectures that it may have been in India, but Rouffaer (p. 115n) gives good reasons for placing it in Sumatra. ↑
52 A description of the present condition of these tombs, on one of which traces of an inscription in Arabic characters are still visible, is given by J. F. G. Brumund, p. 185. ↑
53 Groeneveldt, pp. vii. 49–50. ↑
54 Kern, p. 21. ↑
55 Veth (3), vol. i. pp. 233–42. Raffles, vol. ii. pp. 113–33. ↑
56 Rouffaer, however, places this Champa, not in Cambodia, but on the north coast of Atjeh and identifies it with the modern Djeumpa. (Encyclopaedie van N.-I., vol. iv. p. 206.) ↑
57 Remains of minarets and Muhammadan tombs are still to be found in Champa. (Bastian, vol. i. pp. 498–9.) ↑
58 This genealogical table will make clear these relationships, as well as others referred to later in the text:—
King of Champa.
a daughter named
a daughter = an Arab missionary
A concubine
=
Angka Wijāya
=
Dārāwati
king of Majapahit
Arya Damar
Raden Raḥmat.
Raden Ḥusayn